What is the Qibla?
The Qibla is the direction Muslims face when offering salah, the five daily prayers. It is the direction of the Kaaba — the cubic structure at the centre of Al-Masjid Al-Haram in Makkah, Saudi Arabia. Wherever a Muslim is on earth, the Qibla is the great-circle direction from their location to the Kaaba: the shortest path along the surface of the globe.
Facing the Qibla unifies the Muslim community in worship — at any given moment of prayer, Muslims around the world face a single point, the first house ever built for the worship of Allah alone.
The Qibla in the Quran
Originally the Muslims prayed toward Bayt al-Maqdis (Jerusalem). About sixteen to seventeen months after the Hijrah to Madinah, the Qibla was changed to the Kaaba by the revelation of Surah Al-Baqarah:
قَدْ نَرَىٰ تَقَلُّبَ وَجْهِكَ فِي ٱلسَّمَآءِ ۖ فَلَنُوَلِّيَنَّكَ قِبْلَةً تَرْضَىٰهَا ۚ فَوَلِّ وَجْهَكَ شَطْرَ ٱلْمَسْجِدِ ٱلْحَرَامِ ۚ وَحَيْثُ مَا كُنتُمْ فَوَلُّوا۟ وُجُوهَكُمْ شَطْرَهُۥ
“We have certainly seen the turning of your face toward the heaven; so We shall surely turn you toward a Qibla you will be pleased with. So turn your face toward Al-Masjid Al-Haram. And wherever you are, turn your faces toward it.”
From this point onward, every Muslim — whether near or far from Makkah — turns toward the Kaaba in prayer.
The Qibla in the Hadith
For one who is unable to determine the exact direction of the Kaaba — perhaps a traveller in unfamiliar terrain or someone without a compass — the Prophet ﷺ granted ease:
مَا بَيْنَ الْمَشْرِقِ وَالْمَغْرِبِ قِبْلَةٌ
“What is between the East and the West is Qibla.”
The scholars explain that this hadith was first directed at the people of Madinah, whose Qibla lay broadly to the south. The principle, however, applies generally: when one is unable to verify the precise direction, facing the broad quarter of the Qibla is sufficient and the prayer is valid.
How to find the Qibla without GPS
If you have no compass or GPS, several traditional methods will give you the Qibla — accurate enough for prayer:
- The sun above the Kaaba. Twice a year the sun passes directly over the Kaaba. At those moments, anywhere on earth where the sun is visible, the shadow of any vertical object points away from the Qibla. The dates are approximately 28 May at 09:18 UTC and 16 July at 09:27 UTC; the exact minute varies by ±1 day depending on the year.
- The North Star (Polaris). In the Northern Hemisphere, Polaris sits very nearly due north. Once you know your Qibla bearing relative to north (e.g. 119° for London), you can sight the Qibla at night by facing away from Polaris and rotating clockwise by that bearing.
- The mihrab of a nearby masjid. The mihrab — the niche in the wall of any mosque — points toward the Qibla. Mosques are surveyed for the direction at the time of construction, so this is often the most practical reference in any town.
- A magnetic compass plus declination. A handheld magnetic compass shows magnetic north. To convert to True North, add or subtract your local magnetic declination (the angle between magnetic and geographic north). In much of the Middle East, declination is small. In North America and Europe it ranges from about 3° to 15°.
Qibla bearings from major cities
Bearings are given in degrees clockwise from True North, along the great-circle path to the Kaaba.
| City | Bearing | Direction | Distance |
|---|---|---|---|
| London, UK | 119.0° | Southeast | 4,794 km |
| New York, USA | 58.5° | Northeast | 10,306 km |
| Toronto, Canada | 54.6° | Northeast | 10,496 km |
| Paris, France | 119.2° | Southeast | 4,496 km |
| Istanbul, Türkiye | 151.6° | Southeast | 2,405 km |
| Cairo, Egypt | 136.1° | Southeast | 1,287 km |
| Lagos, Nigeria | 63.3° | Northeast | 4,251 km |
| Tehran, Iran | 218.4° | Southwest | 1,944 km |
| Karachi, Pakistan | 267.7° | West | 2,800 km |
| Dhaka, Bangladesh | 277.6° | West | 5,172 km |
| Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia | 292.5° | Northwest | 6,974 km |
| Jakarta, Indonesia | 295.2° | Northwest | 7,920 km |
| Sydney, Australia | 277.5° | West | 13,236 km |
Frequently asked questions
What is the Qibla?
The Qibla is the direction Muslims face when offering salah (the prayer). It is the direction of the Kaaba, the cubic structure at the centre of Al-Masjid Al-Haram (the Sacred Mosque) in Makkah, Saudi Arabia. Wherever a Muslim is on earth, the Qibla is the great-circle direction from their location to the Kaaba.
Why do Muslims face the Kaaba?
Allah commanded the believers to face Al-Masjid Al-Haram in Surah Al-Baqarah (2:144). The Kaaba was built by the Prophet Ibrahim and his son Isma'il ‘alayhima as-salam as the first house of worship dedicated to the worship of one God. Facing it unifies Muslims around the world in a single direction during prayer.
Was the Qibla always the Kaaba?
No. The earliest Muslims in Makkah, and the Muslims in Madinah for about 16–17 months after the Hijrah, prayed toward Bayt al-Maqdis (Jerusalem). The change of Qibla to the Kaaba came with the revelation of Surah Al-Baqarah, verses 142–144, around the month of Rajab in the second year of the Hijrah.
How does this Qibla finder work?
It asks your browser for your location, then computes the great-circle initial bearing from your coordinates to the Kaaba (21.4225°N, 39.8262°E). The result is given in degrees clockwise from True North. By default, you orient your phone with the top edge pointing North and the arrow indicates the Qibla. If you enable the live compass, the arrow rotates as you turn your phone, always pointing at the Kaaba.
How do I use the live compass?
Once your location has been detected, tap "Enable live compass". On iPhone and iPad, your browser will ask permission to use motion and orientation data — grant it to activate the compass. The arrow then rotates as you turn your phone, always pointing toward the Kaaba relative to your phone's orientation. Hold your phone flat (face up) for best results. If the arrow seems wrong or jittery, move your phone in a figure-8 motion for a few seconds to recalibrate the magnetometer.
Why does my phone's built-in compass disagree with this tool?
Your phone's magnetometer reports magnetic north. The bearing in this tool is calculated from True North. The angle between the two — the magnetic declination — varies by location: small in much of the Middle East and the UK, but up to ~15° in North America. The live compass on this page corrects for declination on both platforms. iOS Safari corrects internally; on Android, this tool computes the correction locally from the bundled World Magnetic Model 2025 (WMM-2025), so it works offline and without depending on any external service. Your phone's standalone compass app may not apply this correction unless you set it to "True North" mode.
How accurate is browser geolocation for finding the Qibla?
Very accurate for this purpose. Even an error of several kilometres in your location changes the Qibla bearing by only a fraction of a degree at typical distances from Makkah. So long as your browser knows roughly which city you are in, the bearing it produces is reliable for prayer.
What if I can't determine the exact direction?
Imam At-Tirmidhi narrates that the Prophet ﷺ said, «مَا بَيْنَ الْمَشْرِقِ وَالْمَغْرِبِ قِبْلَةٌ» — "What is between the East and the West is Qibla" (At-Tirmidhi 342) — guidance for those who cannot precisely determine the direction. The scholars take this to mean that for someone unable to verify the exact direction, facing the broad direction of the Qibla is acceptable, and the prayer is valid by the will of Allah.
Is the Qibla always toward the Southeast?
No. The direction depends on where you are. From Europe and North America the Qibla is generally to the east or southeast. From Eastern Africa and South-East Asia it is to the north-west. From Australia, north-westwards. From northern Russia or Scandinavia, almost due south. The bearings table on this page shows the Qibla from a sample of major cities.
Will the Qibla finder use my location?
When you open the page, your browser asks your permission to use your location. If you grant it, the bearing is computed locally on your device — your coordinates are not sent to any server. If you deny it, you’ll be prompted to enable location in your browser settings, since the Qibla depends on knowing where you are.
Related links
- Makkah map — satellite view of the Holy Mosque and the Hajj sites
- Makkah time now — current local time and Hijri date
- Prayer times — daily schedule for cities across Saudi Arabia
- Makkah Live — Al-Masjid Al-Haram — live HD stream of the Holy Mosque